Understanding Star Time (LST)

 


We all know that the earth is spinning in space.

And that relative to the Sun it rotates once every 24hrs.

We also all understand that the earth ORBITS the Sun once every year.
(364,25 days to be exact.)

Now, because of that ORBIT around the sun, our spinning on our own axis – relative to the STARS, is not quite 24hrs. It is in fact 23hrs and 56 minutes (near enough)

This, if you like is, the Star Clock.

Normally we measure time by the Earth’s rotation relative to the Sun. When the Sun is directly overhead at Greenwich, London, we call that “Mid-day” – 12.00 pm GMT or Noon. GMT is Greenwich Mean Time. Now also called UTC (Universal Time Coordinate)

In order to decide when one day ends and the next begins we have established an “International Dateline” which runs more or less vertically from South Pole to North Pole just east of New Zealand, Fiji and the east-most tip of Russia. Diametrically opposite this (round the other side of the earth) it is 12.00 noon above Greenwich, London, UK.

With LST, we are NOT measuring time by the Sun, but by the Earths rotation relative to the stars. So a Stella or Star Day is 23hrs 56 mins long.


And that’s it – simple really.

For convenience we have split the world up into 1 hour length time zones and this is what gives rise to some confusion when it comes to a WAVE moving smoothly around the earth. (The time zones follow borders and do not keep to an exact 15 degree or 1 hour band.)

                       THE WAVE

Imagine a line running from the North Pole to the South Pole, in this case aligned with the Milky Way. As the earth spins that line moves across the surface of the earth, from east to west.

As the line moves across each time zone it enters in the east and, one hour (or so) later, exits at the west.  For example, as the line moves across South Africa if it crosses Johannesburg at 01.46am then it only reaches Capetown at 02.21am. THIS is the time we are looking for when we are planning to do a synchronized wave.

When calculating a Local time for a “wave” we have to use tables. There are tables for GMT (UTC) and there are tables for LST (Local Star Time)

CALCULATING YOUR LOCAL TIME
for the given Star Time of 13.30 LST

 

Three easy steps:

1. Find your time zone here. For example, South Africa is +2. (We are 2 hours ahead of Greenwich mean time) (We don’t change our clocks for the summer so we are always GMT + 2. But because London Does change it’s clocks for the summer by 1 hour, some of the year we are only 1 hour ahead or their Local time.)

OK, you’ve got your time zone.

2. Find your Longitude here. This is the number of degrees east or west of Greenwich. For example, Johannesburg is 28 degrees east. Whereas Plymouth, UK is -4.23 degrees. (note the minus sign)

3. Now take your time zone and your longitude and enter them on the page here. Along with month 3 and year 2008 and press 'enter'. http://www.hrvg.org/1330-lst/data-input.html

Up comes a table for March giving Local Times and Greenwich times for the Stellar time of 01.30 LST. Look at the two right hand columns and date 21 to find your Local time for the wave. Notice also the two left columns which give GMT for the same moment in time. (might be useful)

Finally, if you are observing daylight savings right now (for example British summer time) make an adjustment by 1 hour in the right direction. (This is where the GMT reading may be a useful reference point)

All of us will be getting up or staying up until the early hours of 21st March as in every time zone the wave passes somewhere between 01.00am and 02.30am. (Note: The time zones zig zag to follow country borders. Hence the time difference across some time zones can be more than one hour.)

I DO hope that this has helped to de-mystify this whole thing. Many people it seems, including myself, struggled with it for a while. If you have anyh problems or are not sure please email me here.

Aluna Joys original message can be read in full here:

http://www.kachina.net/~alunajoy/solarwave2008.html